Consistent with the fbis long history of success in custodial interrogations, fbi policy is to employ the same non coercive, rapportbased interview techniques when interviewing detainees encountered in military zones that we employ in every aspect of. Pdf interview and interrogation methods and their effects on true. Courtesy is the key in getting people to talk letters. Ending reid method interrogations to prevent false confessions.
Faint is applicable to all forensic type interview where the interviewer is attempting to make a. In 1997, two additional cia manuals were declassified in response to a freedom of information act foia request filed by the baltimore sun. See his communist techniques of coercive interrogation. Can the use of torture in intelligence gathering be justified.
Prior to mid2004, the cia routinely subjected detainees to nudity and dietary manipulation. Effective interviewing and interrogation techniques pdf. Deceptive and coercive interrogation techniques violate these moral values. A rare look at the police tactics that can lead to false. Cloonans testimony about how the non coercive interrogation techniques used by the fbi work to provide reliable and. Restrictions the purpose of this part of the handbook is to present basic information about coercive techniques available for use in the interrogation situation. A confession or evidence that results from coercive tactics is inadmissible at trial. It involves a detective who browbeats the suspects and another who acts as if they are looking out for them. Noncoercive interrogation and the administration of criminal justice. Confessionbased non coercive interrogation techniques, widely practiced by american law enforcement agencies, are designed to overwhelm a suspects will to resist confession through emotional pressure or to make confession seem like the only rational response to the information the interrogator presents.
Alexander, a critic of the harsh techniques employed by the military during the. Military training materials carl levin, chairman, armed services com. Pdf kubark counterintelligence interrogation national security. Coercive interrogation coercion happens when someone is deprived of his will and forced to act against himself. If not, then perhaps the interrogation, albeit unsavoury, should not be considered to be unacceptable. Coercive interrogation of eyewitnesses can produce false. Interrogators often utilize coercive techniques to cause the subject to cede. The police, however, can use lying, trickery, and other types of non coercive methods to obtain a confession from a suspect.
On the other hand, beyond anecdotes, there is no evidence to support coercion as an effective form of interrogation. In an interview with ap on february 14, 2008 paul rester, chief military interrogator at guantanamo bay and director of the joint intelligence group, said most of the information gathered from detainees came from non coercive questioning and rapport building, not harsh interrogation methods. It is not intended as a manual or practitioners guide. How to download effective interviewing and interrogation techniques pdf. Nothing in this section shall preclude the federal bureau of investigation, or other federal law enforcement agencies, from continuing to use authorized, non coercive techniques of interrogation that are designed to elicit voluntary statements and do not involve the use of force, threats, or promises.
This volume delves into interrogation and torture at a unique moment as two novel and significant developments unfurl. As the terrorist will not budge through non coercive interrogation techniques, and the timer of the bomb is ticking off, the intelligence agents torture him and get the information. Without a firmer sense than the public record offers of the effectiveness of both mildly and highly coercive interrogation techniques, any responsible policy proposal will. Interrogation and torture white paper team report for project 2 university of washington, seattle, csep 590 tu. An intelligent soldier trained in and devoted to non coercive interrogation techniques is sent in under heavy pressure to find a dangerous man driving iraq into civil war. Noncoercive interroga tion and the administration of criminal justice. Emerging scientific research reveals non coercive methods to be the most effective interrogation techniques. Do they work, are they reliable, and what did the fbi. It was interesting to see the description of non coercive interrogation technique used in conjunction with coercive technique, and that coercive measures. The good cop, bad cop method is one of the simplest and most effective in police interrogation. Armed forces at black sites around the world, including bagram, guantanamo bay, and abu ghraib, authorized by. Matthew alexander led the interrogation team that tracked down alqaida leader abu musab alzarqawi in 2006. Fbi witnesses and documents described the rationale for its non coercive rapportbased techniques traditionally used by the fbi in combination with purposeful.
The manuals in question have been referred to by various media sources as the torture manuals. Sometimes police officers leave behind coercive forms of interrogation and concentrate on legal and more useful techniques. While many users of the reid technique have praised it, calling it the best interrogation procedure rodgers, 2015, the reid technique has come under fire from several critics, claiming that it risks obtaining inherently unreliable confessions gallini 2009. Committee on the cias interrogation techniques after the. Like the name already hints, one cop pretends to be the bad guy, while the other is the good guy. A comparison of techniques used with adult and juvenile suspects. The cia document of human manipulation mind control. Enhanced interrogation techniques or enhanced interrogation is a euphemism for the. Reid, has been a widely used technique in acquiring confessions from suspected criminals. It was originally part of the reid technique but is used as a standalone tactic these days. Interrogation manuals counseled coercive techniques cheney informed of objectionable interrogation guides in 1992 inconsistent with u. Former cia officers teach you how to persuade anyone to tell all houston, philip, floyd, michael, carnicero, susan, romary, peter on.
Police training in interviewing and interrogation methods. Coercive interrogation of eyewitnesses can produce false accusations danielle m. Many notable thinkers are, and will continue to be, involved in the debate over the use of eits. Pdf mainstreaming torture download full pdf book download. When a psychiatrist directly uses, works with others who use, or trains others to use deceptive or coercive techniques to obtain information in police, military, or intelligence interrogations, the psychiatrist breaches basic principles of ethics. Techniques of non coercive interrogation of resistant sources page 6581.
As hinkle notes in the physiological state of th interrogation subject as it affects brain fullction7, the result o. The technique is long, complicated, and involves several strategies. Interview and interrogation methods and their effects on. Effective interviewing and interrogation techniques was published by academic press in 2002. Former cia officers teach you how to persuade anyone to tell all. This volume addresses interrogation and torture at a unique moment. Human rights and coercive interrogation techniques human rights is a term that refers to the universally accepted rights that all persons are equally entitled to for the simple fact of being human beings. Enhanced interrogation techniques or enhanced interrogation is a euphemism for the program of systematic torture of detainees by the central intelligence agency cia, the defense intelligence agency dia and various components of the u. Drawing the fine line between interrogation and torture. The book describes the forensic assessment interview technique faint and integrated interrogation technique iit developed by the authors at their academy for scientific investigative training. The interrogation situation is in itself disturbing to most people encountering it for the first time. Cia documents show that agency taught techniques of mental torture and coercion to at least five latin american security forces in early 1980s, but repudiated interrogation methods in 1985. This was fascinating not only for what the author put on the page, but for what he didnt intend to convey. And efforts are now being made to integrate this science and practice into international law and global policing initiatives.
The spy agencys many mean ways to loosen coldwar tongues. The police, for example, may not use torture techniques, threats, drugging, or inhumane treatment during an interrogation. The effectiveness of most of the non coercive techniques depends on their unsettling effect. The cia, fbi, and department of defense formed a highvalue detainee interrogation group in 2009 to employ authorized, lawful, non coercive techniques that are. Courtesy is the key in getting people to talk the case for the effectiveness of non coercive interrogation was made in an 18thcentury short story by friedrich schiller, writes david head. On the other hand, the controversy surrounding interrogation tactics in iraq and elsewhere, and the resulting criminal charges against military personnel, has resulted in a dramatic swing of the pendulum that may discourage legitimate interrogation tactics. In fact, there is evidence showing that non coercive forms of interrogation are. The reid interrogation technique and false confessions.
List of books and articles about police interrogation. National security archive electronic briefing book no. Effective interviewing and interrogation techniques presents a wise, easy method for interviewing witnesses and victims, interrogating suspects, and exactly determining them as truthful or untruthful. They somehow quickly determine that the captured person is the one who has planted the bomb and holds the secret to disarming it. Refining american interrogation law brookings institution. Contributors present cuttingedge research on non coercive interrogation techniques and show. Army and cia interrogation manuals are seven controversial military training manuals which were declassified by the pentagon in 1996.
Military training materials the center for the study of. The one book to address faint, iit, and mitt in a single provide permits the interviewer to accumulate a confession which will rise up in courtroom consists of an web workbook with smart exercises to assist the reader. Cia detainees were subjected to coercive interrogation techniques that had not been approved by the department of justice or had not been authorized by cia headquarters. The good cop, bad cop interrogation technique is the carrot and stick of police interrogation. Classification of strategies in coercive and noncoercive interrogation.
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